Summary of answers to questionnaire on financial supportsystem of EMG hand by public expense.
Jiro Kawamura
Description
Collection
Title:
Summary of answers to questionnaire on financial supportsystem of EMG hand by public expense.
Creator:
Jiro Kawamura
Date:
7/14/2000
Text:
Here is the summary of answers to our questionnaire on financial support
system of EMG hand by public expense.
We send the questionnaire to three groups that is 1)members of OANDP-L,
2)members of ISO/TC178/WG3, 3)persons who we consider as international
experts on EMG hand.
Finally we got answers from 13 persons (3 from ISO members, 7 from experts,
and 3 from OANDP-L members) of 7 countries (3 from UK, 3 from U.S.A., 2
from Canada, 2 from Austria, 1 from Germany, 1 from Italy, and 1 from
Australia).
We reported the results of the questionnaire to the the Japanese government
already.
Thank you for your cooperation again.
If you want to know about our original questionnnaire or more detail about
answers, please contact to <Email Address Redacted>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
The summary of answers is as follows.
1. Funds which support financial expense for EMG hand.
UK: Government Health Service (NHS)
USA: Mostly by insurance. Medicaid does not support EMG hand.
Canada: System is different in each province, but mainly by provincial
governments.
Austria: Pension insurance, workers compensation insurance and
governmental social insurance.
Germany: The health insurance, provision for industry injuries by the
vocational cooperative, and governmental reparation for injuries received
while on duty or war (OVST ).
Italy: myoelectric prostheses are generally (90%) cover from Italian
National Service(INS).
Australia: Transport accident, private insurance, workers compensation,
government funds (e.g. Veteran's Affairs)
2. Limitation about amputation level and side
In general, there is no limitation about amputation level and side, but
only below-elbow amputation is supported by health insurance and OVST in
Germany .
3. Types of terminal device which are available by public expense.
Generally there is no strict limitation to use terminal device, but in
practice natural shaped hand is mainly used.
4. Types of elbow joint which are available by public expense.
There are limitations to use some kinds of elbow joint in some countries.
For example, INAIL electric elbow joint is mainly used in Italy. In the
meantime, standard use is mechanical elbow instead of electric elbow, that
is, hybrid prosthesis is popular in some countries.
5. Limitation of cost
There are no legal limitation in UK, Canada, Austria, and Australia.
The upper limits are:
USA: L-Code dictate.
AE: $50-60,000, BE: $16-25,000
Germany: about 13,000 DM for BE amputation (standard price)
Italy: below elbow 6,000 USA dollars,
above elbow 9,000 USA dollars
shoulder 10,000 USA dollars.
6. Application desk and period to approval.
Although it depends on countries, hospital or prosthetic clinic,
regional service center are popular in many countries.
Period to approval is between immediate and one year.
7. Certification to prescribe or fabricate EMG hand.
Usually it needs no additional certification to prescribe or fabricate
EMG hand, except private certification from manufactures and ISO 9000
series and CE-mark in EU.
8. Durability of EMG hand
Interval of delivery is 2 to 10 years.
9. Number of delivery of EMG hand at the same time.
UK: usually one hand.
USA: one hand
Canada: delivery at the time of damage arises.
Austria: One hand as a rule, but 2 hands for a person who are working.
Italy: 2 hands
Australia: up to 2 hands a year
8. Number of delivery of EMG hand per year.
UK(population of 2.5 million ):about 50 hands
UK(population of 1.4 million): 5 hands
USA(population of 270 million): 2,000- 4,000 hands
Canada(population of 2.3 million):33 hands
Austria(population of about 8 million): 50 to 70 hands
Germany: 1,200 hands
Italy: : around 500 prostheses in 50 million people
# Above data corresponds that the ratio of number of delivery of EMG hand
vs. population is 0.5 to 10 hands vs. 0.1 million of population .
9. Ratios of EMG hand against the other types of hands.
USA (expert): cosmetic: hook: body powered hand: EMG hand
Unilateral above elbow 25%: 40%: 10%: 25%
Bi-lateral above elbow 10%: 70%: 5%: 15%
Unilateral below elbow 10%: 40%: 10%: 40%
Bi-lateral below elbow 5%: 70%: 5%: 20%
Above elbow + below elbow 5%: 60%: 5% 30%
USA (expert):
Unilateral above elbow 1: 2: 0: 1
Bi-lateral above elbow 0: 3: 0: 1
Unilateral below elbow 1: 3: 1: 3
Bi-lateral below elbow 0: 2: 0: 1
Above elbow + below elbow 1: 2: 1: 2
Germany: cosmetci+body powered: EMG
above elbow 85: 15
below elbow 30: 70
Italy: Unilateral: 60% cosmetic, 40% functional prostheses
BE: 60% body power and rest 40% extra body power
AE: :70% extra body power and 30% body power
Bilateral BE: 100% functional prostheses
BE: 30% body power and rest 70% extra body power
AE: 80% extra body power and 20 % body power
system of EMG hand by public expense.
We send the questionnaire to three groups that is 1)members of OANDP-L,
2)members of ISO/TC178/WG3, 3)persons who we consider as international
experts on EMG hand.
Finally we got answers from 13 persons (3 from ISO members, 7 from experts,
and 3 from OANDP-L members) of 7 countries (3 from UK, 3 from U.S.A., 2
from Canada, 2 from Austria, 1 from Germany, 1 from Italy, and 1 from
Australia).
We reported the results of the questionnaire to the the Japanese government
already.
Thank you for your cooperation again.
If you want to know about our original questionnnaire or more detail about
answers, please contact to <Email Address Redacted>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
The summary of answers is as follows.
1. Funds which support financial expense for EMG hand.
UK: Government Health Service (NHS)
USA: Mostly by insurance. Medicaid does not support EMG hand.
Canada: System is different in each province, but mainly by provincial
governments.
Austria: Pension insurance, workers compensation insurance and
governmental social insurance.
Germany: The health insurance, provision for industry injuries by the
vocational cooperative, and governmental reparation for injuries received
while on duty or war (OVST ).
Italy: myoelectric prostheses are generally (90%) cover from Italian
National Service(INS).
Australia: Transport accident, private insurance, workers compensation,
government funds (e.g. Veteran's Affairs)
2. Limitation about amputation level and side
In general, there is no limitation about amputation level and side, but
only below-elbow amputation is supported by health insurance and OVST in
Germany .
3. Types of terminal device which are available by public expense.
Generally there is no strict limitation to use terminal device, but in
practice natural shaped hand is mainly used.
4. Types of elbow joint which are available by public expense.
There are limitations to use some kinds of elbow joint in some countries.
For example, INAIL electric elbow joint is mainly used in Italy. In the
meantime, standard use is mechanical elbow instead of electric elbow, that
is, hybrid prosthesis is popular in some countries.
5. Limitation of cost
There are no legal limitation in UK, Canada, Austria, and Australia.
The upper limits are:
USA: L-Code dictate.
AE: $50-60,000, BE: $16-25,000
Germany: about 13,000 DM for BE amputation (standard price)
Italy: below elbow 6,000 USA dollars,
above elbow 9,000 USA dollars
shoulder 10,000 USA dollars.
6. Application desk and period to approval.
Although it depends on countries, hospital or prosthetic clinic,
regional service center are popular in many countries.
Period to approval is between immediate and one year.
7. Certification to prescribe or fabricate EMG hand.
Usually it needs no additional certification to prescribe or fabricate
EMG hand, except private certification from manufactures and ISO 9000
series and CE-mark in EU.
8. Durability of EMG hand
Interval of delivery is 2 to 10 years.
9. Number of delivery of EMG hand at the same time.
UK: usually one hand.
USA: one hand
Canada: delivery at the time of damage arises.
Austria: One hand as a rule, but 2 hands for a person who are working.
Italy: 2 hands
Australia: up to 2 hands a year
8. Number of delivery of EMG hand per year.
UK(population of 2.5 million ):about 50 hands
UK(population of 1.4 million): 5 hands
USA(population of 270 million): 2,000- 4,000 hands
Canada(population of 2.3 million):33 hands
Austria(population of about 8 million): 50 to 70 hands
Germany: 1,200 hands
Italy: : around 500 prostheses in 50 million people
# Above data corresponds that the ratio of number of delivery of EMG hand
vs. population is 0.5 to 10 hands vs. 0.1 million of population .
9. Ratios of EMG hand against the other types of hands.
USA (expert): cosmetic: hook: body powered hand: EMG hand
Unilateral above elbow 25%: 40%: 10%: 25%
Bi-lateral above elbow 10%: 70%: 5%: 15%
Unilateral below elbow 10%: 40%: 10%: 40%
Bi-lateral below elbow 5%: 70%: 5%: 20%
Above elbow + below elbow 5%: 60%: 5% 30%
USA (expert):
Unilateral above elbow 1: 2: 0: 1
Bi-lateral above elbow 0: 3: 0: 1
Unilateral below elbow 1: 3: 1: 3
Bi-lateral below elbow 0: 2: 0: 1
Above elbow + below elbow 1: 2: 1: 2
Germany: cosmetci+body powered: EMG
above elbow 85: 15
below elbow 30: 70
Italy: Unilateral: 60% cosmetic, 40% functional prostheses
BE: 60% body power and rest 40% extra body power
AE: :70% extra body power and 30% body power
Bilateral BE: 100% functional prostheses
BE: 30% body power and rest 70% extra body power
AE: 80% extra body power and 20 % body power
Citation
Jiro Kawamura, “Summary of answers to questionnaire on financial supportsystem of EMG hand by public expense.,” Digital Resource Foundation for Orthotics and Prosthetics, accessed November 20, 2024, https://library.drfop.org/items/show/214682.
